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78 lines
1.6 KiB
Markdown
78 lines
1.6 KiB
Markdown
# Python Code Review Guide
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> Python 代码审查指南，覆盖常见陷阱和最佳实践。
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---
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## 常见陷阱
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### 可变默认参数
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```python
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# ❌ Mutable default arguments
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def add_item(item, items=[]): # Bug! Shared across calls
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items.append(item)
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return items
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# ✅ Use None as default
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def add_item(item, items=None):
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if items is None:
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items = []
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items.append(item)
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return items
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```
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### 异常捕获过宽
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```python
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# ❌ Catching too broad
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try:
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result = risky_operation()
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except: # Catches everything, even KeyboardInterrupt!
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pass
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# ✅ Catch specific exceptions
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try:
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result = risky_operation()
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except ValueError as e:
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logger.error(f"Invalid value: {e}")
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raise
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```
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### 可变类属性
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```python
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# ❌ Using mutable class attributes
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class User:
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permissions = [] # Shared across all instances!
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# ✅ Initialize in __init__
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class User:
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def __init__(self):
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self.permissions = []
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```
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---
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## Python Review Checklist
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### 数据结构
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- [ ] 没有使用可变默认参数（list、dict、set）
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- [ ] 类属性不是可变对象
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- [ ] 理解浅拷贝和深拷贝的区别
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### 异常处理
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- [ ] 捕获特定异常类型，不使用裸 `except:`
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- [ ] 异常信息有意义，便于调试
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- [ ] 必要时重新抛出异常（`raise`）
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### 性能
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- [ ] 大数据集使用生成器而非列表
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- [ ] 避免循环中重复创建对象
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- [ ] 使用 `collections` 模块的高效数据结构
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### 代码风格
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- [ ] 遵循 PEP 8 风格指南
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- [ ] 使用类型注解（type hints）
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- [ ] 函数和类有 docstring
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